Sewer.



. PAT'ENTED- DEC. 20, 1904;. c. F. LBOPOLD & A. J. HOOVER.)v

minus-SEEM 1.

'l'gilii Jrwm-Zmar fzianZa rl'zcopafl, mair cwqfflao m7:

m Wm

SEWER.

APPLICATION FILED Ju.1e,'1904.

NO MODEL.

No. 778,135. PATBNTED DEC. 20, 19034.

0. P. LEOPOLD '& A. HOOVER.

SEWER APPLIOATJON FILED M1146, 1904.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

110 MODEL Manhun- WZwZZ/mwd, flmiimvfiopva? rings A by staples a in the present instance,

Patented December 20, 1904.

UNITED "STATES PATENT OFFICE.

. oHARLEs F. LEOPOLD AND ANDREW J. HOOVER, or PHILADELPHIA,

PENNSYLVANIA.

SEWER.

SPECIFICATION forming-part of Letters Patent No. 778,135, dated December 20, 1904.

Application filed January 16, 1904. Serial No. 189,312. v

- sylvania, have invented certain 1m provements in Sewers, of which the following is a specification. Y

The object of our invention is to construct a sewer or other underground conduit with.- out the use of bricks or cut stones and one which will be substantial and capable of resisting the pressures to which a sewer or underground conduit is subJected; and a further object is to provide means for ventilating the sewer, as fully described hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of our improved sewer. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view on the line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view on the line 3 3, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a view showing the metallic frame. Fig. 5 is a view showing the arrangement of the ventpipe at the manhole. Fig. 6 is a view showing a number of vent-pipes. Fig. 7 is a view showing a modified construction, and Fig. 8 is an end view of one'of the formers over which the sewer is built. V

A is a sewer made of ametallic supportingframe and two or more grades of concrete, and embedded in the upper portion of the wall is a vent-pipe for. carrying off the gases that accumulate-in the sewer.

A is a series of metallic rings connected together by longitudinal stringers B, secured to the rings in any suitable manner. The string 'ers are so arranged as to properly support netting C, made of expanded metal or other material. The stringers B are secured to the but other means of fastening may be resorted to without departing from our invention.

D is a body offine concrete inclosing the metallic rings, stringers, and netting, and E is a body of coarse concrete forming the outer.

shell of the conduit.

The manhole is formed in the same manner as the body of the conduit, only the parts are arranged vertically instead of horizontally,

interior of the sewer by branches '2 "the gases that accumulate in the sewer.

and ledges a a are formed to receive the covers Z) Z).

In the upper portion of the outer shell is a pipe I, communicating at intervals with the V This pipe preferably extends the full length of the sewer and is for the purpose of carrying oIff t may have any number of vents a, leading to any suitable height above the surface of the ground, or thesevents may be coupled to any suitable draft apparatus, if desired, or the pipe may have only one outlet "at the end of the sewer. The pipe passes around the manhole-openings, as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 5, and mayalso connect with the manhole by a branch pipe f, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5. Where the manholes are close together, the branches 2' may be dispensed with. In'some instances where a single pipe is not large enough to. carry off the gases which would accumulate we may provide a series of pipes arranged side by side, as shown in Fig. 6, and couple two or more of the pipes with the sewer at one point, or some of the pipes can be coupled to the sewer at one point and others at other points.

' Whilein Fig. 1 we have shown thesewer or conduit circular in form, it may be of quadrangular shape or of the shape shown in Fig. 7 In this instance there is a vent-pipe at each side of the apex of the roof.

In building the sewer we preferably use a collapsible former, as shown in Fig. 8, which consists of a series of sections 3, having staples .9 near each end, through which pass metallic bands 5 which are secured together by a plate .9 slotted to receive securing-bolts s",

so that the sections at the plate are separated sufficiently that when the plates are released the core or former can be contracted, so that it can be either withdrawn or moved to another section of the sewer.

We claim as our invention 1. The combination in a sewer, of a metallic frame consisting of rings and longitudinal members and a screen, a body of fine concrete inclosing the metallic member, and a body of coarse concrete forming the outer covering, substantially as described.

2. The combination in a sewer, of a metallic frame, a body of relatively fine concrete placed on both faces of said' frame so as to inclose the same and a body of relatively coarse concrete placed to form the outside covering forthe fine concrete, substantially as described.

3. The combination of a sewer having a metallic frame, a body of relatively fine concrete inclosing the same and a body of coarse con- .crete outside of said fine concrete, said sewer having a manhole-opening, with a tube arranged longitudinally within the walls of the sewer and passing around said manhole-opening, substantially as described.

4. The combination ina sewer, of a metallic frame consisting of rings and longitudinal members and a screen, a body of fine concrete inclosing the metallic member, and a body of coarse concrete forming the outer covering, with vent-tubes in the outer covering, substantially as described.

5. The combination in a sewer having a metallic framework, with line concrete embeddingthe metallic framework, coarse concrete forming the outer casing of the sewer, a lon gitudinal vent-tube in the upper portion of the outer casing, vent branches passing through the liner concrete and communicating with the upper portion of the sewer, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHAS. F. LEOPOLD. ANDREW J. HOOVER.

\Vitnesses:

JOHN M. BROOKS, JOHN LITTLE. 

